Recommended Cameras for PhotoRobot Systems

The following guide aims to help customers choose the best recommended camera or cameras to use with their PhotoRobot systems. Find information on selecting a camera according to its technical specifications, including a lineup of recommended Canon camera models. There are suggestions for lens and tripod selection, as well as tips for choosing budget-friendly versus high-end equipment.

‍Note: Refer to PhotoRobot Compatible Cameras for the complete list of supported Canon and 3rd party camera models. 

For better understanding on the impact of camera resolution, visit the PhotoRobot Camera Resolution Guide.

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Suggested Cameras for General Use

‍For frictionless operation, it is currently advisable to select mirrorless camera models for operation with PhotoRobot systems. 

Mirrorless cameras (CSCs) are compact cameras, also with interchangeable lenses, which can be controlled using software drivers. The absence of a mirror amounts to smaller dimensions and a lighter weight. At the same time, mirrorless cameras retain the primary advantages of SLR cameras (the interchangeable lenses, and large sensor). 

‍Important: PhotoRobot continuously monitors the latest trends in mirrorless cameras (Canon, Sony). However, due to the availability of software drivers, cameras by Canon are recommended for operation with PhotoRobot Controls App.

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Recommended Cameras for Special Applications

For special applications, it is possible to connect high-speed and high-resolution cameras to a PhotoRobot system. However, selection of a camera for special applications should always be after prior consultation with a PhotoRobot specialist. 

• Special applications include for instance using high-speed, high-resolution cameras in museum and archive photography, as well as the digitization of items using 3D modeling. 
• Take for example a system featuring the PhotoRobot Centerless Table. The Centerless Table is able to rotate the subject 360 degrees in less than 3 seconds. At the same time, the software sends a signal to the camera to capture 36 or more images.
• This case means that the standard camera and studio light configuration will not suffice. Instead, only a high-speed camera is able to meet the photographic requirements to automate photography and generate a 3D model from photos.
• The camera must capture often at least 30GB of data in less than 2 minutes, photographing the item from both upper and lower hemispheres. 

In use, solutions like these are more common in museums, such as for archiving collection items. The recommended camera in this case may then be camera models such as from Hasselblad, Sinar, and others. To create certain types of 3D models from photos, it might be a higher speed camera such as industrial models from FLIR. In either case though, always first consult with a PhotoRobot technician to find the optimal camera for special applications.

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Before Purchasing a Recommended Camera

Always remember to contact PhotoRobot before purchasing a recommended camera. 

The PhotoRobot solution is able to control cameras via software using a USB cable. Therefore, it is possible to set the time, aperture, ISO sensitivity and other settings while monitoring the scene through live-view. If the camera does not support these functions, manual control (or via software control supplied with the camera) is possible. Capturing images is then controlled via the robot using a remote shutter release cable. 

Note: It will always be necessary to inform PhotoRobot of your camera selection. This is so PhotoRobot can prepare a special shutter cable with a camera-specific connector. For the types of shutter connectors compatible with different camera specifications, refer to Canon Wireless and Wired Remote Controls.

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Camera Compatibility with PhotoRobot

For maximum use of the camera’s capabilities, a compatible Canon camera model is recommended. Using a recommended Canon camera will ensure full software software support and the greatest compatibility with PhotoRobot. 

Despite basic compatibility, camera models which do not appear on the recommended list may experience limitations. For example, some cameras will not accurately function during non-stop rotation of the item. In this case, extremely high accuracy is necessary to synchronize the camera shutter with the robot’s movement. This requires testing of the specific model if using a camera not from the recommended lineup.

For this reason, always choose one of the recommended Canon camera models with full support when possible.

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Camera Specification Considerations

Shooting Speed

In regards to camera shooting speed, note the following information.

• Less expensive camera models usually do not enable picture taking at the required frequency in the external control mode. This subsequently slows down the entire shooting process when operating the machines in non-stop spin mode at high speeds of movement.
• Using only a high-end camera is not enough to achieve non-stop spin photography. 
• Both a high-speed camera and high-speed Broncolor studio lights are necessary to support the high speeds of movement. 
• Budget lights recharge slowly, meaning the camera also must capture too slowly.

Also note that when photographing products, the traditional approach is to stop the item’s movement at each selected angle. The still subject is then photographed, before restarting object rotation to the next angle to stop at and capture.

However, to increase overall productivity, PhotoRobot is able to photograph items in non-stop spin mode, without stopping the rotation of the turntable. This accelerates production speeds by sometimes up to 4 times in comparison to the traditional start-stop capture approach. PhotoRobot systems monitor the movement of the subject at approximately 1000 times per second. The software then sends signals to trigger the camera precisely before the moment of capture.

This requires high shooting speeds in order to accurately and consistently capture the subject at the exact angle in relation to the camera. If the shooting speed of the camera is insufficient, the robots must then operate at a fraction of their maximum speed.

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Camera Interface Speed (USB)

The camera interface speed is another important consideration to avoid any limitations in download and overall production speeds.

• It is not recommended to use cameras with a slower interface than USB 3.0. (Anything slower causes the robot to wait for images to download to the computer, slowing down the entire digitization process.)
• A standard USB cable length covers the distance from the camera to the control unit and computer up to 5 meters. (This is the same length as the shutter release cable as well.)
• The maximum length connection for both cables capturing images in the highest resolution has been up to 15 meters using a special configuration with an active USB 3.0 extension. (Although, note that cases such as these can have a major impact on choice of camera.)

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Resolution and Quality of Image Sensor

In terms of the recommended camera resolution and image sensor quality, it is important to take into account the following considerations.

• In addition to the quality of lighting, the quality and resolution of the image sensor have a fundamental impact on the quality of images. 
• Both the resolution and sensor are a factor in digital media that allows zoom, and in which quality of detail is crucial. 
• The resolution and sensor must also be suitable to capture images for use in print in which similar criteria apply.

Thus, the general recommendation is that camera resolution be no less than 18 MPx, and ideally between 24 - 50 MPx. (Higher resolution cameras are often insufficient due to the longer transmission and processing times of the acquired volumes of data.)

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Purchase Price of the Entire System

It may also be important to consider the purchase price of the entire system including the robots, all required cameras, lenses, and equipment. For example:

• Using a PhotoRobot multi-camera system such as the MultiCam requires an estimate of how many cameras will be in use at one time. The system technically scans an object from several angles simultaneously using multiple cameras. 
• Systems such as these call for consideration of the total number of cameras when estimating the total cost of the acquisition. 
• The more cameras, the higher the productivity of the entire workstation. Although, this is more evident in larger setups, in which the increased input on investment amounts to greater productivity in the end.

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Recommended Canon Camera Models

When selecting a camera, first always refer to the complete and updated list of cameras compatible with PhotoRobot. Then, carefully consider not only the image resolution but also the interface speed. The interface speed is especially important for connecting the camera to the computer. For example, devices with a slower connection than USB 3.0 will slow down the overall production process. The slower speeds force the robot to wait while downloading the images from the camera. 

Additionally, there is no support for Wi-Fi camera connection for robotic photography. This is due to lower speed and instability over Wi-Fi connection.

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Top Camera Recommendations

Among the main camera performance requirements, it is important to have:

• High shooting speed (using fast shot mode takes approximately 20 seconds or less for the whole rotation of the object).
• High resolution.
• A full-frame image sensor (36 x 24 mm).

Some of the best performing camera models with PhotoRobot are then the Canon EOS R1, the EOS R5 Mark II, EOS R5, EOS R6 Mark II, and EOS R8.

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Additional Mirrorless Camera Model Recommendations

During the selection process of the camera model, always keep in mind that:

• There is a higher shooting speed requirement with PhotoRobot than most competing systems.
• A resolution of between 24 MPx to 45 MPx is most often sufficient.
• Affordable models with a smaller APS-C sensor can be a disadvantage.
• There might be higher image download speeds due to lower resolution.

Some recommended models are the MirrorlessCanon EOS RP, the EOS R7, and the EOS R8.

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Basic Range Camera Recommendations

Note that while a basic range camera can offer a low purchase price, they come at the cost of higher image download speeds due to lower resolution. 

Nonetheless, some basic range cameras include the Canon EOS Rebel T7, or the Canon EOS Rebel SL3. However, when possible, it remains recommended to use cameras with USB 3.0 connectivity or higher.

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Suggested Wireless Cameras for Detailed Shots

For close-ups and detail shots using handheld wireless cameras, the following camera models with IBIS technology are recommended. IBIS technology helps to counteract camera shake, and to achieve sharper images by hand. In this regard, there are also recommended camera grips for each wireless camera to offer greater ergonomics when photographing from portrait positions. This is in addition to the suggested macro lenses, which perform best for capturing close-ups and detailed shots.

In general, the top recommendations for wireless cameras include the Canon EOS R8, Canon EOS RP Mirrorless, the EOS R7, the EOS R6 Mark II, the EOS R5, and EOS R5 Mark II. Find camera specifications, including suggested lenses and recommended accessories below.

• ‍Canon EOS R8 camera models pair with the Canon RF 100mm lens (F.28L Macro IS USM):

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• The Canon EOS RP Mirrorless is recommended with the Canon RF 100mm lens (F.28L Macro IS USM):

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• The Canon EOS R7 pairs with the Canon RF 85mm lens (Macro IS STM), and the recommended extra batteries (Canon LP-E6P):

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• Use of the Canon EOS R6 Mark II is recommended with the Canon RF 100mm lens (F2.8L Macro IS USM), the Canon BG-R10 grip, and extra batteries (Canon LP-E6P):

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• The Canon EOS R5 is recommended with the Canon RF 100mm lens (F2.8L Macro IS USM), the Canon BG-R10 grip, and extra batteries (Canon LP-E6P):

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• Canon EOS R5 Mark II cameras are recommended for use with the Canon RF 100mm lens (F2.8L Macro IS USM), the BG-R20 grip, and extra batteries (Canon LP-E6P):

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Using PhotoRobot Touch for Handheld Shots

The PhotoRobot Touch App is an iOS application which connects to PhotoRobot Control App. PhotoRobot Touch enables the use of a supported iPhone as an external wireless camera. It allows for batch handheld product photography in unrestricted or wizard-based capture modes.

Note: Product photography by PhotoRobot Touch is possible using only continuous lighting. Strobe lights are not compatible for this use case. For additional information on installation and use of PhotoRobot Touch, refer to the Touch App User Support Guide.

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Recommended Canon Camera Lenses

In general, prime lenses (also fixed focal length lenses) have better optical properties than zoom lenses. Thus, if the situation allows, PhotoRobot will recommend the use of a prime lens. However, this means that if a different focal length is necessary, it requires exchanging the lens. Keep this in consideration especially when photographing different sizes of products which might fall out of frame.

For example, using zoom lenses in scenarios involving multiple cameras at one site may complicate production workflows. Complications occur for instance due to unevenly set focal lengths, meaning images from different cameras result in images of different sizes. (Note that this issue does not arise when using only a single camera in one robotic workstation.) 

Regarding the quality of the lenses, always take into account user reviews and official information from the manufacturers. Additionally, in most cases, PhotoRobot always recommends practical testing to help customers choose the appropriate lenses. For this, PhotoRobot has a wide range of lenses available for on-site testing.

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Appropriate Focal Length

The human eye perceives the focal length of 50 mm from a full-frame camera as perfectly natural in dimensions. If looking through the lens using a wider focus, the perspective distorts either slightly or enough to appear completely unnatural in extreme cases.

Conversely, a longer focal length allows for better utilization of the entire sensor area. This results in a higher resolution of captured images (after cropping). 

If the photos you capture are for the creation of 3D models, it is necessary to adjust the focal length of the lenses according to the 3D modeling method. For example, many methods require a 35 - 50 mm lens for better triangulation.

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Recommended Prime Lenses

Prime lenses are advantageous for example when using multiple cameras with the PhotoRobot MultiCam. In this case, all cameras must have the same focal distance, which is difficult to achieve with zoom lenses. Recommendations for prime lenses then vary depending on the camera model and type of usage. Although, in general, a minimum focal distance of 85 mm is crucial when working with glass tables. This range is also useful for capturing detailed shots, using a macro lens, and using the MultiCam system. That includes for photographing bigger items like bicycles on larger turntables, such as the Turning Platform.

Some recommendations then include the Canon EF 50mm, and the Canon RF 50mm. Alternatively, the Canon RF 85mm (f/1.2L), the Canon RF 100mm (f/2.8L), and Canon EF 100mm (f/2.8L) might be suitable for smaller items like watches and jewelry.

Further, during prime lens selection, note the following.

• The EF 50mm prime lens is compatible with the Canon EOS R(x) mirrorless series with the Mount Adapter EF-EOS R.
• Canon RF 50mm is compatible with the Canon EOS R(x) mirrorless series only. It is not compatible with DSLR cameras.

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Nomogram: Ceiling Height, Camera Distance, Lens Focal Length

A nomogram accounting for the studio ceiling height, camera distance, and lens focal length helps to better understand multi-camera installation requirements. 

For example, in order to plan the location for a robot installation, it is necessary to account for common issues which might occur relating to selected focal length. In some issues, the selected lens focal length requires a distance from the subject that is not available due to the studio ceiling height. If this is the case, it is then necessary to consider either a wider lens, or using a different location for the machine installation. See the following nomogram for demonstration.

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The above nomogram represents a lens with a focal length of 50mm using a full-frame DSLR camera (with a 36 x 24 mm sensor). Note: This is a general example for illustrative purposes only. Always first consult with PhotoRobot for focal length testing prior to lens selection for your specific installation.

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Nomogram: Subject Distance and Focal Length 

Compare the above nomogram to the one below. The one below represents a focal length difference from the camera to the subject from 14 mm up to 135 mm using a full-frame DSLR camera (36 x 24 mm sensor).

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Note: The above nomogram is for general illustrative purposes only. Always consult with PhotoRobot prior to lens selection for precise focal length testing for your specific installation.

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Recommended Zoom Lenses

Zoom lenses are advantageous when mounting a camera to a tripod or to a robotic arm. A zoom lens allows for easily zooming into or out of an item instead of needing to change lenses depending on the size of the product. This also prevents dust buildup inside of the lens as well as in the camera.

The recommended newer generation zoom lens in the following list is the Canon RF 24-105mm IS USM Z, which provides an enhanced optical design. That, or the Canon RF 24-105mm f/4L IS USM Z. Each of these lenses is suitable and recommended for use when mounting a camera to the PhotoRobot Robotic Arm, or on a tripod.

Additionally, the Canon RF 24-105 f/2.8L IS USM Z lens allows for the attachment of a Power Zoom adapter, enabling electronic adjustment of the focal length. This offers a technically sound solution for photographing various subjects in which you must zoom in and zoom out, as it eliminates the need to tape the lens in place. Instead, the focal length remains in the set position.

‍Note: For more information, see the manufacturer’s technical specifications for a comparison of the different lenses.

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EF Lens Compatibility with EOS R Cameras

The Mount Adapter EF-EOS R allows for the utilization of any Canon EF lens with the EOS R camera. This way, it is possible to use your existing lenses with the compatible cameras. The Mount Adapter EF-EOS R is also lightweight, compact, and easy to attach. This ensures performance with EF and EF-S lenses without compromising functionality, speed, or quality. (Also note that Canon RF lenses are mounted onto EOS R cameras without any adapter.

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Polarized Light Filter

To minimize reflections, using a polarizing light filter is sometimes recommended.

Note: Most filters available on the market provide circular polarization. What this means is that the filter rotates on the lens in order to achieve the highest levels of glare minimization. However, in spin photography, the effect sometimes changes. In these cases, there are a wide range of options in polarized light sources, ring flashes, and other solutions.

If this functionality is required by the customer, the PhotoRobot team will prepare individual configurations for related product ranges. This helps to ensure the highest level of quality tailorable according to specific demands, and for the best performance.

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Tripod Head Selection

Using an adequate tripod head is recommended for accurate and easy adjustment of the position of the camera and the lens. In this regard, there are a wide range of geared and ball tripod heads. However, PhotoRobot recommends using only geared heads. 

Specifically, the Manfrotto 405 Geared Head is recommended. 

Comparatively, while ball tripod heads do allow for quick adjustment to any position, exact adjustment is often difficult to manage. Thus, after many years of experience, PhotoRobot uses and recommends only the proven Manfrotto 405 tripod head.

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Manfrotto 405 Geared Tripod Head

The specifications of the Manfrotto 405 geared head follow for easy reference.

• Weight: 1.6 kg
• Head height: 16 cm
• Maximum load: 7.5 kg
• Quick release plate: 410PL
• Front: -30° +90°
• Lateral tilt: -90° + 30°
• Rubberized handles
• Aluminum alloy body
• Precise camera positioning in all axes (individually) by sliding bolts
• Disconnection mechanism for adjustment screws for rapid adjustment to remote positions

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